Every placement
test on quantitative aptitude will contain atleast 30% questions on number
systems and number series. Aptitude questions on number system form the
backbone for placement preparation. You can score easily on quantitative
aptitude section if you understand the basics of number system. Since the
questions on number systems are simple, importance lies in acquiring the right
skills to tackle these problems with speed. Practicing problems on numbers
systems not only helps in improving your speed but also provides a strong base
for solving other quantitative aptitude sections like HCF and LCM,
averages, percentages, time and speed,
pipes and cisterns etc as well. In this tutorial let's look at
how to solve number system problems easily and quickly.
Numbers are fun to
learn. If you learn the concepts thoroughly you will find that solving aptitude
questions on number system is a cake walk for you. There are lot of concepts
involved and hence even a simple question might look a bit too complex or trickier
to solve.
We at shortcut2aptitude will
provide you with right tools to tackle quantitative tests on number system.
Below is the list of important formulas on number system and tips to help you
understand and prepare for the quantitative aptitude questions on number system.
Important
Formulas of Number System
Formulas of Number Series
- 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + … + n = n(n + 1)/2
- (12 + 22 + 32 + ..... + n2) = n ( n + 1 ) (2n + 1) / 6
- (13 + 23 + 33 + ..... + n3) = (n(n + 1)/ 2)2
- Sum of first n odd numbers = n2
- Sum of first n even numbers = n (n + 1)
Mathematical Formulas
- (a + b)(a - b) = (a2 - b2)
- (a + b)2 = (a2 + b2 + 2ab)
- (a - b)2 = (a2 + b2 - 2ab)
- (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
- (a3 + b3) = (a + b)(a2 - ab + b2)
- (a3 - b3) = (a - b)(a2 + ab + b2)
- (a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc) = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac)
- When a + b + c = 0, then a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
- (a + b)n = an + (nC1)an-1b + (nC2)an-2b2 + … + (nCn-1)abn-1 + bn
Shortcuts for number divisibility
check
- A number is divisible by 2, if its unit's digit is any of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8.
- A number is divisible by 3, if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3.
- A number is divisible by 4, if the number formed by the last two digits is divisible by 4.
- A number is divisible by 5, if its unit's digit is either 0 or 5.
- A number is divisible by 6, if it is divisible by both 2 and 3.
- A number is divisible by 8, if the number formed by the last three digits of the given number is divisible by 8.
- A number is divisible by 9, if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.
- A number is divisible by 10, if it ends with 0.
- A number is divisible by 11, if the difference of the sum of its digits at odd places and the sum of its digits at even places, is either 0 or a number divisible by 11.
- A number is divisible by 12, if it is divisible by both 4 and 3.
- A number is divisible by 14, if it is divisible by 2 as well as 7.
- Two numbers are said to be co-primes if their H.C.F. is 1. To find if a number, say y is divisible by x, find m and n such that m * n = x and m and n are co-prime numbers. If y is divisible by both m and n then it is divisible by x.
Frequently
Asked Questions on Number System
- Given a number x, you will be asked to find the largest n digit number divisible by x.
- You will be given with a set of numbers (n1, n2, n3...) and asked to find how many of those numbers are divisible by a specified number x.
- Given a number series, find the sum of n terms, find nth term etc.
- Find product of two numbers when their sum/difference and sum of their squares is given.
- Find the number when divisibility of its digits with certain numbers is given.
- Find the smallest n digit number divisible by x.
- Which of the given numbers are prime numbers.
- Number x when divided by y gives remainder r, what will be the remainder when x2 is divided by y.
- Given relationship between the digits of number, find the number.
- Find result of operations (additions, subtractions, multiplications, divisions etc) on given integers. These integers can be large and the question may look difficult and time consuming. But mostly the question will map onto one of the known algebraic equations given in this first tab.